Resumo A utilização de mudas avançadas, associadas ao cultivo anual do maracujazeiro, é técnica importante de manejo para a convivência com o vírus do endurecimento dos frutos (VEF). No entanto, esta tecnologia ainda necessita de informações sobre adubação nitrogenada e espaçamento entre plantas, para que seja possível recuperar a produtividade da cultura. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar a dose de nitrogênio (N) e o espaçamento mais adequado para pomares anuais instalados com mudas avançadas (1,2 m de altura) de maracujá-azedo. O experimento foi realizado a campo, em Mogi Mirim-SP, entre outubro de 2017 e julho de 2018. Utilizou-se do delineamento de blocos casualizados em parcelas subdivididas, sendo os tratamentos doses de N em cobertura com 0; 60; 120; 180 e 240 kg ha-1 e espaçamentos entre plantas de 2,0 e 4,0 m e 3,0 m nas entrelinhas. A dose encontrada para máxima produção, de 15,4 kg de fruto pl-1, e adequada qualidade físico-química do fruto pelo maracujá-azedo foi de 130,7 kg ha-1 de N. O espaçamento mais adensado, de 2 x 3 m, proporcionou maior produtividade e número de mil frutos por hectare, sendo, respectivamente, de 20,7 t ha-1 e 139,5 mil frutos ha-1.

Abstract The use of advanced seedlings associated with the annual cultivation of passion fruit are important management techniques for living with the fruit-hardening virus (FEV). However, this technology still needs information on nitrogen fertilization and spacing between plants, so that it is possible to recover crop’s productivity. The objective of this research was to identify the nitrogen dose (N) and the most suitable spacing for annual orchards installed with advanced seedlings (1.2 m high) of yellow passion fruit. The experiment was carried out in the field, in Mogi Mirim, SP, between October 2017 and July 2018. A randomized block design was used in subdivided plots; the treatments were doses of N in coverage such as 0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1 and spacing between plants of 2.0 and 4.0 m and 3.0 m between lines. The dose found for maximum production, 15.4 kg of fruit pl-1, and adequate physical-chemical quality of the fruit for the yellow passion fruit was 130.7 kg ha-1 of N. The most densified spacing, of 2 x 3 m, provided greater productivity and number of thousand fruits per hectare, respectively, 20.7 t ha-1 and 139.5 thousand fruits ha-1.

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the cycle duration, physicochemical characteristics of fruits and climatic adaptation of the ‘SR 501-17’ hybrid grape grafted on four rootstocks for the production of white wine. We tested four rootstocks, ‘IAC 766 Campinas’, ‘IAC 572 Jales’, ‘IAC 571-6 Jundiaí’ and ‘IAC 313 Tropical’, planted in two climatic regions, Cfa and Aw, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil in the cultivation years 2014 and 2015. Cycle duration, production, cluster weight, number of berries per bunch, content of soluble solids, titratable acidity, a maturation index and the weight, length and width of berries were evaluated. A principal component analysis characterized the cultivar for both climatic regions and years. The rootstock did not influence the cycle, production or physicochemical characteristics of the ‘SR 501-17’ hybrid. The soluble-solid content in the must was higher and the production cycle in 2014 was longer for the Cfa climate. The production cycle was shorter and the weight and width of the berries were lower, mainly in 2015, for the Aw climate. The cycle was thus longer, production was higher and the chemical characteristics were better for the ‘SR 501-17’ hybrid under Cfa conditions, regardless of the rootstock.

Resumo A nutrição mineral é essencial para elevar a produtividade e a qualidade dos frutos do maracujazeiro. Não há informações sobre o acúmulo de nutrientes ao longo do ciclo de produção para as cultivares disponíveis no mercado. Assim, para poder auxiliar no fornecimento correto de nutrientes e na atualização das recomendações existentes, estudos abrangendo cultivares e técnicas de cultivo são necessários. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento, o acúmulo e a exportação de nutrientes em plantas de maracujá-amarelo cv. IAC 275. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, em que os tratamentos foram as épocas de avaliação. Avaliaram-se o comprimento da haste, a massa seca e o acúmulo de nutrientes na parte aérea (folhas e hastes), nos frutos e nas raízes. Calcularam-se a taxa máxima de acúmulo diário e os períodos de máxima exigência nutricional, além da extração e da exportação. O acúmulo de nutrientes no final do ciclo, aos 450 dias após a semeadura, foi em g planta-1: N (178,5) > K (162,4) > Ca (70,8) > Mg (14,8) > S (13,3) > P (11,0) e em mg planta-1: Fe (827,6) > Mn (130,7) > Zn (69,8) > B (56,7) > Cu (17,8).

Abstract The mineral nutrition is essential to increase yield and fruit quality of passion fruit. There is no information of nutrient accumulation throughout the production cycle. Thus, in order to assist in the correct nutrients supply and update the recommendations, studies involving cultivars and cultivation techniques are necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the plant growth, the nutrient accumulation and the exportation in plants of yellow passion fruit cv. IAC 275. The experimental design was a randomized block, with three replications, where the treatments were evaluation times. Stem length, dry mass matter and nutrient accumulation in aerial part (leaves and stems), fruits and roots were evaluated. The maximum daily accumulation rate and periods of maximum nutritional requirement were calculated, in addition to the nutrient extraction and exportation. The nutrient accumulation at the end of the cycle, at 450 days after sowing, were in g plant-1: N (178.5) > K (162.4) > Ca (70.8) > Mg (14.8) > S (13.3) > P (11.0) and mg plant-1: Fe (827.6) > Mn (130.7) > Zn (69.8) > B (56.7) > Cu (17.8).